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Title page of “Murdered Millions.”

Murdered Millions (1897), by George Dowknott, M.D., is a brief treatise relating to Christian medical missions. In less than one hundred pages, Dowknott seeks to establish a complex theory of ‘murder’ based largely on Biblical interpretation, apply it to the work being done, or being neglected, in mission fields around the world, and suggest remedies.

Dowknott was associated with the International Missionary Society and the Medical Missionary Society at the end of the 19th century. At the time, there was a renewed interest in missionary work; in the United States, much of this centered around the expansion of the “American Empire” into South America and the Pacific.

Missionary work had been a relatively popular field for many years before this point. Books such as Dowknott’s tried to link missionaries with scientific and medical professionals, arguing that the job of the missionary was to relieve bodily pain and infirmity as much as to instruct in religion. From Dowknott’s point of view, one could not be done without the other.

In his introduction, the Reverend Theodore Cuyler references David Livingstone: “Let us not forget that it was with his medical diploma in one hand, and his Bible in the other, that the most illustrious of modern missionaries, Dr. David Livingstone, went to his heroic service and his martyrdom in the wilds of Africa.” (xi)

As always, for more from the Medical Heritage Library, please visit our full collection!

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Psychiatrists Erich Lindemann (center right) and Lydia M. Gibson Hawes (center left) at an unidentified social event. Lydia M. Gibson Dawes papers, 1926-1959 (B MS c96). From the Boston Medical Library in the Francis A. Countway Library of Medicine.

The Center for the History of Medicine, Countway Library, Harvard Medical School has received a $202,900 Cataloging Hidden Special Collections and Archives grant from The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, through a program administered by the Council on Library Resources (CLIR) to increase access to critical resources currently unavailable to historical research.  Private Practices, Public Health: Privacy-Aware Processing to Maximize Access to Health Collections, proposed on behalf of the Medical Heritage Library (MHL), will allow the Center and its partner, the Alan Mason Chesney Medical Archives of the Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, both MHL principal contributors, to open currently inaccessible public health collections to researchers while developing best practices for enabling access to special collections containing protected health information and other types of restricted records.

The project will open the collections of seven leaders in the field of public health. Those being processed by the Center include the professional papers of Stephen Lagakos (known for his AIDS research and work linking poor water conditions to public health problems), Erich Lindemann (specialist in social and disaster psychiatry and community mental health), and Arnold Relman (a former editor of the New England Journal of Medicine who has written on the economic, ethical, legal, and social aspects of health care). Hopkins will process the collections of William and Miriam Pauls Hardy (audiologists who pioneered the screening of children for hearing loss), E. V. McCollum (who discovered vitamins A and D), Frank Polk (early leading AIDS researcher), and Barbara Starfield (known for her work on primary care and health policy). Access to these currently hidden collections will open major primary sources to historians, policy makers, educators, and students to inform both our historical and current understanding of a range of pressing health issues: health equity and access to primary care; health screening and nutrition; community mental health; and the AIDS epidemic.

Contemporary debates in the field of public health, ranging from the possible role of universal health insurance to discourse around fundamental human rights and global health, are products of historical paths that must be contextualized. Through pooling collections and resources, the Center and Hopkins can reveal the national character of concerns ranging from AIDS to the equitable delivery of health services. Grant funding will also enable the Center and Hopkins to address the special collections community’s need for best practices to process and describe collections containing restricted records. Whether privacy is legally mandated (as with HIPAA and FERPA), imposed by parent organizations (as governed by an institutional records schedule), or applied per local practice, all repositories maintain records that pose significant challenges to access.

The MHL is a digital curation collaborative among some of the world’s leading medical libraries that promotes free and open access to quality historical resources in medicine, the means by which readers and scholars across a multitude of disciplines can examine the interrelated nature of medicine and society, both to inform contemporary medicine and strengthen understanding of the world in which we live. The MHL’s growing collection of digitized medical rare books, pamphlets, journals, and films number in the tens of thousands, with representative works from each of the past six centuries, all of which are available through the Internet Archive.

Project work commenced April 15, 2013 and will continue through April 2014.  Kathryn Hammond Baker, Deputy Director at the Countway’s Center for the History of Medicine, will serve as Principal Investigator for Countway, and Phoebe Evans Letocha, Collections Management Archivist at the Chesney Medical Archives, will serve as Principal Investigator for the Hopkins part of the collaborative project. Project Archivists are Amber M. LaFountaine (Countway) and Linda Klouzal (Hopkins).

The Project has created a publicly-accessible wiki that may be of interest to archivists and researchers: https://wiki.med.harvard.edu/Countway/ArchivalCollaboratives/PrivatePractices. Look to the wiki for project documentation, bibliographies, calls for participants in project activities, and information about upcoming events.  For more information, please contact Kathryn Hammond Baker.

Item 117420 [E.V. McCollum and the rat colony in the Department of Chemical Hygiene], 1926. From the The Alan Mason Chesney Medical Archives of the Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions.

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From Myer Solis-Cohen’s Girl, wife and mother : a guide for women in all important periods of life, beginning with the transition from girlhood to womenhood, and including childbirth and the months preceding and following it : with directions for the care of infants (c. 1911).

As always, for more from the Medical Heritage Library, please visit our full collection!

Continue reading »]]> Are you following the MHL’s Twitter feed yet?

If not, here are some of the recent stories you may have missed!

• A new history of medicine and science voice on Twitter, James Edmonson, chief curator of the Dittrick Museum at Case Western Reserve University is @dittrickcurator
•  Centre for the History of Medicine in Ireland, University College Dublin and the Royal College of Physicians in Ireland Heritage Centre have started a new history of medicine blog: History of Medicine in Ireland.
• Jaipreet Virdi, historian of deafness and medicine, has a new post up: A Word, Aurist.
• The Hathi Trust has announced some new data mining tools.
• Inspired by the Digital Public Library of America, The Junto, a group blog on early America, has provided a great list of digital humanities resources.

As always, for more from the Medical Heritage Library, please visit our full collection!

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Title page of first volume of the third edition of “Passages.”

The Passages — titled Passages from the Diary of a Late Physician when published in book form — came out originally in Blackwood’s Magazine, a popular publication in nineteenth century Britain. The essays were popular enough to warrant three editions of the book version, the third edition coming out in 1832. (Volume II is in the MHL, too!)

The editor’s note in the third edition leaves it a little unclear as to whether the physician of the title was the intentional author of the pieces or whether they were garnered from posthumous papers. The full title of the work and hints dropped in later pages seem to make the latter suggestion the most likely.

The Passages start with the author — deliberately left anonymous on the title page of the book and the editorial note — in London with a medical degree, a young wife, and no immediate employment. After failing to find employment for long enough that taking out a loan on his life insurance policy becomed necessary, the author sets up his medical office.

The essays that follow cover all sorts of topics, from the early frustrations of beginning a medical practice, to social life in London, to a startlingly sympathetic description of an operation for breast cancer which the author attended as a young doctor. The second volume has longer pieces on insanity and deathbed attendance.

As always, for more from the Medical Heritage Library, please visit our full collection!